United Kingdom enclosure movement of four types of _ Wang Wanbing

United Kingdom enclosure movement of four types of of the United Kingdom of enclosure movement cannot generalize often see different people or different article says to the United Kingdom of enclosure movement, speak out of it. In fact, not necessarily who wrong who by the way, but the enclosure movement. In terms of time, known as the enclosure movement of land concentration from the 13th century began, the United Kingdom Parliament enacted the 1876 Act prohibits the enclosure, spanning 600 years; from the type, is also very diverse, major categories can be divided into 4 types. First: small scattered land of United Kingdom in medieval times when forming an open Mr system is costly, and far, dry and wet are different, for the sake of fair distribution, give you a small piece of fat, a small piece of thin, a little further away, a small block close to the ... , So you have a few small land, but they are not linked together, and is scattered in various places, and people of the land, so scattered plots of land, called bar field. Of course, is not conducive to personal field, so we will consult each other on the Exchange or sale of, make the land concentration, the enclosure is entirely voluntary. Second: the public wildland occupy first to know, the ancient Chinese ancient United Kingdom and is a completely different system. China is the Emperor's dominance, the other whether the landlord or farmers are small; the United Kingdom is the power of local feudal lords, the kingship is relatively weak. The United Kingdom at that time, the Lord has his jurisdiction, in addition to all levels of land Thane self-employed land, rent land to farmers, peasants and of copies. These two land there are still some communal land and forest swamps wasteland, the Commons and wastelands of course also the Lord, but in fact is a public or non-primary. When a large block of land shortage, we hit on the Commons and Lords of the wasteland, or tenant farmers have used to occupy oneself, in the place where the land is vacant, this occupation is also built in some land shortage, cannot make up, sharecroppers and feudal lords were going through mutual agreement, such as the main account for a licensed, give the tenant farmer some compensation. In actual operation, most of this Protocol, in (the Royal family and the Lords of) legal framework occupy, but a small number of compensation are not in place or not compensation is preemptive, aroused violent conflict. Third: parliamentary constitutional monarchy enclosure, the United Kingdom's reign and territorial sovereignty are fading, Parliament became the Supreme authority. Thus Parliament has developed a circle to laws, the laws are close to the modern meaning of the law. Just want to ring, then by country (instead of the Royal family and Lords). This time the United Kingdom is the first time a Government background circle. But in the 20th century the study generally felt that the Parliament and of the scale and effectiveness is not significant. Fourth: break the lease of the enclosure and the rise of market economy, the United Kingdom, the village is the Lord of the land �� land in the form of farmers, this form of established and, in fact tenants long-term fixed use of land. But with the rise of market economy, this old lease protected by the "bidder", someone (such as to sheep) willing to cut more rent, the landlord is also willing to rent to them. But the original tenants were not promised, so there was violence off. The so-called "grazing" bloody violence, only applies to this kind of break the lease of the enclosure. Of course, the scope and extent of violence have we usually speak of so serious, is another matter.