Sudan impression _ fear nature

Sudan impression Shao jinglin (June 2005 to Sudan's capital Khartoum notes) himself with his ancestral hometown in Langfang city, Hebei province, Dacheng County in China Petroleum Pipeline Engineering Co., Ltd. Office. Because of work needed in late 2004-early 2005, to the Southern African nation of Sudan, to participate in the Al-Si (Thar jath) oilfield ~ Haig (Heiglig) crude oil pipeline project survey. Alien, different style, the poor, the original and oldest national, left me with a clear impression. 1. smell while in view of the Sudan is the largest country in Africa, with an area of China's top 1/4, with a population of about 3000 million. There are 19 races, 597 tribes. Among the Sudanese Arabs, accounted for 39% of the total population, speak Arabic, Islam, mainly living in Northern and central; Sudan black, approximately 52 per cent of the total population, about native languages, fetishism, primitive religion, Christianity or Islam, living in the South and other parts of the country; Bay to (about 6% of the total population), fur and the Nuba people, mainly living in the West. Official language is Arabic, General English. In fact the Arabic users in 60% of the total population, the English Government Office staff, the normal 100 of disposal are few. A total of 70 per cent of the population profess Islam. Here from North to South, the climate type, tropical desert climate, Savannah climate and rain forest climate. A year is divided into dry and rainy seasons, with 6-10 month is rainy season, November to may, as the dry season the following year. World famous Nile in Sudan since South to beiliu too. Due to produce red coral and known as the inland sea, Red Sea form the northeast border of Sudan. Vast area of the Northwest of the Sahara desert, which plants rare, riding the wind, each year there are southern invasion trends. In Central and Southern Plains, dense, highly 1.0 ~ 2.3 m, cattle and sheep into which disappeared, staff into which the horizontal visibility only several tens of meters. Southern rain forest, tree species have 10 or so, generally 5-6 m, diameter General 0.1 ~ 0.3 m. I see a called baobab tree that can reach 20 meters high, few metres and 10 metres. The tree even though it was mangzhuang from cellulose, has no value. The locals have nomads, lazy and optimistic, naive and fewer thought. May be affected by the result of the influence of religious doctrine, they have clear ideas on day meal. Their sense of time is very poor, there is no property accumulation, muddling along, most people in poverty lived happily. After meeting with people, no matter how understanding do not know, say hello to each other (in most cases the handshake). See foreigners, but also the same courtesy. They equally despised theft acts, but never underestimate begging. That the former is a nasty business, which is above board. Arabs, between the grimmest of, and sharing meals, and accommodation of habit, but the time frame of up to three days. Lazy habits, Sudan man muscle deficiency, even in the rare, young big strength. Where agriculture is rich in sorghum, maize, wheat, the main cash crops for cotton, sesame seed, peanut, sunflower and sugar cane, produced in the Arab food gum trees. These cash crops and gum Arabic countries ' exports. Livestock on producing cattle, sheep and camel, in addition, most zixiao also exports to other countries. Pesticides and chemical fertilizers, Sudanese no economic power to purchase and use. Here is the basin landforms, mountain general distribution in the surrounding area. Basin set, leaves thousands of Earth, covered with a dark gray or dark gray of fertile soil. The dense vegetation in General, to extensive breeding birds. Distance from the capital Khartoum, although closer to the Northwest of the Sahara, but birds in variety and quantity is not expensive. Left Khartoum to South Road, will find the number of bird species and is gradually increasing. To the southern grasslands and rain forest zone, where a bird of paradise. Variety, a huge number. Small bird than the Sparrow also small, large birds such as vultures-flying wings after almost two meters in length. One of the most prominent of the birds, to first Falcon. In the field, you can see them everywhere. In large settlements, every meal time, they will fly at low altitude, as much as over. Discover the human bone, meat dropped, a whirled swooped down, or the title of the food and mouth, or jaw grab food, then you can fly to a local food with a foot. Sudan's most favorite hawks, as the birds. Followed by a long beak bird body high greatly, they like to pick up food for human-generated spam (and therefore China asserts it as junk birds). Therefore, in some villages, they always pan Shan and around looking for food. They have 0.7 ~ 0.8 m in height, with a wingspan of about 1.5 m. Despite this, the body is still not clumsy Gallop 20 meters after take-off. Fly to the sky, its soaring gesture, like the Chinese kites. Sudanese people don't kill prey birds, and bird together very well. Third, the Sparrow, the number of thousands are insufficient to describe. Endlesslea become excellent reproduction of grasshoppers and hidden places, also exercises a mahjong groups Hunt's generals. Looking towards the sky, grassland, from time to time have a limited length width several dozens of meters or a, 200 metres of sparrows swarm, attitude change thousands of dance. Sometimes, sometimes by the end of the set in motion, the pupa to the diagonal front flapped flight limited distance, and then fall off like the Chinese Opera legend of the Dragon �� the sparrows swarm Dragon �� the dance. They are in groups, search locust hunting. China's Raven black body. Sudan's Crow, neck and abdomen of most of it is white. Let the person throwing looks like is seeing magpies. They are obese body can walk or jump on the floor, "Ah, Ah ..." calls, exposing them to do the Crow. The Shepherd of Sudan, both young and old, generally carry guns: rifle or rifles. As camel or donkey. It is said that the Government of Sudan on firearms management is very loose. First, where, when a soldier, you can permanently holding a gun permit. Second, in the capital Khartoum Omdurman district, you can buy the smuggling of firearms. According to the local environment of grasslands, rain forests, grazing of livestock species vary. Prairie region, mainly for grazing cattle and sheep; rain forest area, the mainTo camel and goat grazing. Here there are two kinds of cows, big corner and small angle. Big Horn Bull, its angle could take up to 1 m. Lofty ranges, is spectacular! small corner of the cow, the point could fall off and regeneration. It was unheard of, but it is their own eyes can see. Here's the camel only a single peak, grew up, mainly exported to the Northwest of the Sahara desert. There, they judged as desert boat, capacity after the fall into the flesh of the human mouth. Here's the long-eared long tail sheep. Long ear droop, whole day is falling; long tail slender, almost onto the ground. Donkey in Sudan was used as a traffic and transport. Don't look at their head is big (as was the case of varieties), the effort is not small. 1 200 kg weight negative in their body, the host would also like to have no shame color turning riding up to harness their walk. Old donkey languish in exile in the wild, but truly alive. Influenced by the teachings of Islam's remote guarding, they were able to enjoy the day of the year. Southern Sudan are the Nile River. Here the annual precipitation is abundant, has up to 1400 mm or so. Perennial flowing tributaries began to appear. In particular cities flanking class before long flowing through Arab River, is one of them. Arab River is wide but brief. Dry river width is still in the 200 meters and main rivers only 30 metres wide. The dry season the main river water depth 2 ~ 3 metres on either side of the flood plain in the swamp State. Floodplain River to the Strait, and has no clear boundaries �� a gradual transition status. In Arab, low-lying area near the River disjoint distribution have long bar wetlands. During the depths of 0.1 ~ 0.8 m, sludge thickness 0.5 ~ 0.7 m. Swamp main growth Po sedge grass and paper (the latter is the unique aquatic plants here). Another phenomenon is difficult to see: Arab River main river water, has been a kind of looks like sugar cane grass covered. The height 1.5 ~ 1.7 m, the leaves and the thickness of the grass dry fingers above covered with dense hemp small soft spikes, after contact with skin will have a strong sense of Tickle. The grass around together, thickness foot 0.2 m. The body is light and handy, you can follow the grass River. The country does not produce coal, burning charcoal cooking is the ancient traditions. The results of the history of felling trees to the South, allowing significantly subsided. In the North-South direction of the national road, every sizeable trucks pull up charcoal to the North. For latitude high, higher temperatures throughout Sudan. The coldest day, wearing double single; the hottest days, the temperature reaches more than 44 hong. Python, crocodile and big lizard, is one of the specialties of the Sudan. In the large towns of shops and markets, to use their skin making shoes, belt, backpack or purse sale. Because belonging to stripping down to dry after production of the finished product area, such goods are easily broken, not durable, natural price is not high. Due to the nomadic habits, product characteristics and causes of poverty, in northern Sudan, in addition, the Ubayyid, Khartoum and Port Sudan, a few cities have decent buildings, towns, mainly composed of bricks and clay hut (both houses). To the South, the town is from bricks and mud hut and thatched cottages. As regards the country villages, in the North, mainly by Adobe Lodge, South is mainly composed by thatched cottages. The gap between the people of Sudan. Rich people tend to be inherited a legacy, or a higher level of education. They generally live in large cities, have their own building, automotive, employment poverty to clean the courtyard, flowers, grass, see home nursing homes. Their business has its own company, engaged in transport, trade, construction and road construction, etc. The vast majority of the poor live in rural, residential Tsuchiya or thatched. Engaged in part-time work in Khartoum, monthly income are: at home nursing homes to 20 million Sudanese pound (1 million Sudanese pounds equivalent renminbi 33 element), the driver is 30 million Sudanese pound, study abroad, engage in technical work to 75 million Sudanese pounds. The country's major industries are textiles, sugar refining, tanning, food processing, jute, tobacco, of cement and oil, etc. Due to the energy intensive and skilled labour, raw materials and accessories, most of the factories of underemployment design productivity by 30%. The basic sources for import of building materials, machinery and electrical products, such as the full source to import. While they used wood will have swelling of clay bricks, the firing of mutual impact of putt-putt issued only-sound, the intensity is very low, looks like rubbish. 2. the person feeling tense after a two-day Trek, 6 pick-up trucks at night 22: 00 arrival in Haig in oilfield construction company China oil camp. Along the way, the car tire several times, even a car in the last 100 km distance, brake failure, only 15 kilometres per hour. To 1300 km away, and many are asphalted road surface, as you cannot easily within two days arrival? short stated, this to Haig in oilfield construction company relying on China's oil, the camp is for SA frame, oilfield ~ Haig in oil pipeline engineering investigation, all 6 pickup, leasing in Khartoum 5M company. An agreement is reached between the parties: 5M company offers new car (more than 80% of new should guarantee) and drivers, of which at least one driver be familiar with English dialogue. Engineering survey team in addition to providing car fuel consumption material daily pay $ 140 5M company. However, the Protocol to agreement, the fact to fact. No, arrived the next day, only the ineffectiveness of the braking device car fired. Flash work for several days, the car is driving on highways in soil, in addition to the occasional puncture, EU external circumstances. In the morning, drivers can not always time to appointment. Driver group leader Usman and drivers ' Miller's car, he stops in the survey group, living in camps in their car at night, there will be no late charge. The remaining drivers is also headed by car, for free, but the car from elsewhere, they one day two meals, do not eat in the morning tea habit, so late is often the case. Surveying work, carried out by the Division of labour, GPS main station and the mobile station of the latter record different coordinates and elevation. Geological field work, you need to use wells exploration and drilling revealed the formation, formation and distribution of records, measuring soil resistivity, measuring temperature. Every morning, oil production outside the gate of the camp, they gather up a group of local black, medium, and youth. They want the Chinese contract for works, get a temporary job. Because many mouthsAnd often minority can meet the aspirations of the majority do not. Black History di Wen, 23-year-old, is somewhat short, cheerful, talkative, English throughout the group in the measurement of employment in three, four, the migrant workers, taking into account the transmission of the language �C translation �� the role with "Advanced labor" nickname. Their work is along the pipe line every 2 km scene-by-side gating 3 root cement pile and pile side into a steel chisel sizzling badges. This kind of work intensity is not very large, even so, there are still those discharged from military service. A black American migrant worker, doing four or five days later, disappeared after three days after the return. Ask the reasons, said to be home. Guess he or his salary home to the wife, or himself ran side of consumption. As a result of the work in making pile measured is not stalled, the migrant worker leaves, natural to select other labourers to supplement the migrant worker is temporarily lost to temporary work opportunities. Measurement of Arab River, towards the end of the work. Blacks that glassy especially has been intermittent employment for several times, the work has always been hard, in the measurement of river main river, the foot of sugar cane grass measuring depth and thickness of silt, down almost all wet clothes. In recognition of this work and the labor day, send their wages 1 million 5 thousand Sudanese pounds, and his five thousand Sudanese pounds is the prize money is hard work. Another is the measurement of sunset, the remaining workload. Today, intentionally left senior labor history mild ordinary labourers that di Bose especially, results in just two hours to complete the final work. Wages, at full days ' wages to history di temperature 1 million Sudanese pound, di Wen embraced; to the glassy especially from 1 million Sudanese pounds, the glassy especially rejected, non-requested like yesterday, achieved 1 million 5 thousand Sudanese pounds reward. In spite of temperature to explain the history of ad, the glassy especially is stubbornly persistent. No way, finally had to pay the same as with yesterday's number. In order to avoid history di temperature have psychological imbalance of ideas, not people, to its special paid 1 million Sudanese pounds of total prize money at once. After receiving the money, history of di wen said thank you after (Sanke you) a few words. Geological Survey and the more black workers, they are divided into pairs, using steel pick, shovel and probe tube mining pit. The first three days, they were not enthusiastic about their work, the daily average of excavation depth of less than 1 m. Although its intensity ratio measurement made piles of labor to bigger, but in the payment of wages, still give and make pile measured the same number of migrant workers. To this end, the digging of deceptive puzzled, on the one hand, they explained that the pre-construction has made it clear that each heading 1 m depth are paid 1 million Sudanese pounds; on the other hand, pay from tomorrow. The next day, the few people to dig pits, consider it a height Martha some strength, to the same population, each will take care of each other, and also had the promise of earlier, just preferred their. First of all to their Declaration, long wage: daily driving 1.5 m depth, the combination of the two pairs per person day wages 1 million 5 thousand Sudanese pounds. These people also proposed to add the section's requirements, said to be the tool to improve mining speed. In steel-HO, steel chisel, spade and barrel heavily armed; the daily driving 1.5 m depth, the combination of the two pairs per person day wages 1 million 5 thousand Sudanese pounds of promise, prospecting pit mining speed really speed up every day, from this combination of the two pairs are common driving 1.5 m depth, and even beyond. Arab River and station of drilling work, is the difficulty in geological work. Because this project investigation workload is relatively small, does not have its own zone drill team go abroad, drilling work is entrusted to Khartoum's Party-European (Pile) company. Several rounds of negotiations, the workload for specific expenses reached definite, duration, signed the contract. Send European company organization is: two drilling rigs, operator number, speak English and two technicians. A few days later, the survey site meet, rig and operations staff are drawn, but only one technical staff. Explain the focus of prospecting, the technician is always "Yes, yes" (Yes, Yes) do. After a period of busy work, except for the drilling, engineering survey and the rest of the field content ends. Survey staff decided to return to Khartoum, to the Office within the industry consolidation. After a day of rest yesterday, today and in the morning until after the vehicle to the qi, the luggage loading with all tools, and then set off. Cars have arrived. But see the car after all the inside scoop, filled with gunny sacks appearance due to pollution and black colors, will know it's full of charcoal. Look in the car after the bucket with measurements made pile of two water plastic bucket, a container of sand metal box, not a geological drilling exploration hang; use two steel-HO, three Spades, no. Don't think that necessarily was the car driver take with the local exchange of charcoal. Drivers get off each other after meeting with the Sisters of the good manners is frequently appears. Asked about the driver group leader Usman, large plastic bucket and other tools go, originally English level is not high, Ottoman, and shuffle of wilful blindness. Now go into how useful again, or quickly loading, don't forget to accumulated driving time during it. Because the more familiar with each other, this is about to start the timing, survey returned team may wish to letting drivers. But there is nothing more than "friend back to Khartoum, you can see your wife a", and then make a hug to the action. Cited amused drivers laughed. The five drivers, all Arabs, character. Drivers Hausen, short stature, coarse, there is always a joy to drive fast in the first end of the good, the bad feeling of self. His bad driving skills and manifestations in: stalls after starting, a step on the accelerator, the speed of fast and slow full size with the throttle to control the little shift in the middle. This person was rude and shrewd let you unexpected. In the latter stages of the project survey, by pipeline from the soil under the highway, the car needs to travel, in the Arabic Gum Forest of homework, 47th car for clutch wear, causing breakdown. Vehicle repair, car and staff temporarily adjust. The day after the car repaired, Hausen was carrying a reconnaissance teams, unauthorized signature refueling and one day will be full box oil consumption. On that day no man to use his car, why do all of the oil consumption? onlyOne answer to this interpretation seems more successfully, is he likely to oils sold secretly. Drivers ' Miller, is of medium, the service, the duration of work every day, from no complaints, even driving back and forth, and also willing to accept. There are times in soil highway on a black women wearing the few children who understands that gain survey team members agree, he offered car lifts take their journey. Drivers love El Molde, nicknamed fat man, the Batten is Martha. Work refusal reciprocating drive, out of the night without words, when you leave off the late great reluctance. Claims pending at the end of this project, he quit his job, to another company to make a fortune off the cart. Drivers ' Friedrich Leo in tall and slender, hair ironing neatness and leave the moustached, although has 34 years of age, but soon get married to a second wife. The person to do detailed, technical and skilled drivers license, a poor car in his hand, the General ground to the flooding in captivity. Driver group leader Usman, nearly 50-year-old, age, English dialogue is not good, but it is the only foreign language among drivers. Some drivers are late in the morning, at 11: 00 dinner on desert race, his indifferent. Sometimes he would go on working time desertion of the first day to eat dinner. Survey Panel recommends all drivers every day with the meal, he and his colleagues from does not have to go in. After returning to Khartoum. According to the contract's duration, Sudan qualified distribution Europe (Pile) company time sent drilling field catalog information. Upon examination, know what they're taking little undisturbed soil samples, far reaching technological requirements. Ask the reason that soil is not good, can not be more sampling. In fact, according to their technical characteristics described, in addition to the sand, the other is completely undisturbed soil samples can be taken. Due to the duration of the project survey, request the Sudan party Europe (Pile) company to return to survey sites complement for undisturbed soil samples are not realistic. Because few take undisturbed soil samples, but no direct access to the physical and mechanical properties of formation, can only base layer characteristics, and nearby the same physiognomy unit, the same origin of the formation of other engineering geological data analogy, experience. Next, the Sudanese party Europe (Pile) company submitted the water, soil sample analysis of test data, a full 10 days overdue. Final drilling costs absolutely count, in accordance with the terms of the contract, both parties agree to consult, on the one hand out Sudan party Europe (Pile) company, the total cost of the project drilling of 5 per cent, on the other hand, requires Sudan party Europe (Pile) company will not far from the pipe line company is Arab River construction of reinforced concrete bridge engineering geological survey information offered as a reference. After working overtime and night work, the end as scheduled date, the owners of the all SSE project survey report. As labor after rest, submit a report on the following day, engineering investigation team members walked out of the Office, to the nearby market. There, the daily necessities wenzhi. Only cite examples of Sudan country since the product prices in March 2005 as follows: potatoes 0.2 (million Sudanese pounds/kilograms. Following the same), wheat flour, tomatoes or cucumbers 0.125 0.3 ~ 0.4, sauteed 0.25 ~ 0.3; t-bone mutton 1.1 ~ 1.3, t-bone beef 0.8. III. think and want a vastness of Sudanese, sparsely populated, with abundant sunlight resources, Nile water resources and cross-fertile soil, the reason why there are so poor? this course with its habits, cultural qualities are inseparable. More and over the years of the North and Eastern war (civil war). Government, educational institutions and religious-knowledgeable persons, when sober reflection, as soon as possible to stop the civil war, and go to the advanced countries, in particular with the latitude of the advanced countries learning that work best for their national economic development of breakthrough and opportunity. Appeal to the whole nation people, fully understand your situation, and unite as one, perseverance, as the country's poverty, progress and efforts. Observation of my eyes, my thinking imagination, Sudan's future direction it should include the following: in the North and the development of solar energy; afforestation; the development of agriculture in the South Central region; to develop animal husbandry; on the Python leather, crocodile leather and big lizard skin for further processing. Afforestation, first widespread Al Saba tree. This tree, growing to a dark gray or dark gray soils with swelling, while above Nile alluvial plain, widely distributed such soil. This kind of trees, growth process, in the trunk of the above can be emitted to the Arab food; harvested off the gum, and charcoal on good original wood. Then in the fringe of the Sahara desert, planting drought-tolerant plants. Development of solar energy, you can save the charcoal. The development of agriculture in the Middle, to very good use of Nile water resources, and fundamentally solve the problem of feeding the people of Sudan. Southern developing livestock that take full advantage of prairie grass, reduce the dry season is a large number of damaged without cause. Deep processing of Python leather, crocodile leather and big lizard skin, you can make it manufactured goods multiply. It is said that in the 1998-2002 the first few years, working in Sudan's oil system companies also hire English translation (rarely employ Arabic translation). Later, the moment request technician must possess general English dialogue, workers must have the simple ability to English conversation, simply unified cancelled the translation. As it turns out, solely on the basis of a general English communication, you want to achieve with the Sudanese people to communicate with each other and with the purpose of the camaraderie is extremely difficult to achieve. If you have the Arabic translation in particular Sudan in China study abroad returnees or Khartoum University graduate Chinese students of acting as the translation as language transmission, such as black labor that was rewarded of glassy especially, drivers of late, halfway desertion and individuals behind the petty party Europe (Pile) corporate irresponsibility, are avoidable or to correct. Arabs have always have iron day of prayer 5 times, but this time SA frame, oilfield ~ Haig in oil pipeline engineering investigation, during working hours is not and does not see them doing it (they are in prayer). So it seems that they have little effect by foreign cultures. Yet, what you see is superficial. But the Sudan national poverty, the original and oldest, Sudanese people naive, optimistic and enthusiastic personalityIt is obvious, so unforgettable. May the Sudanese people early and prosperous!